Power supply underpowered for Rockpro64, deficient PCIe SATA card, or something else?

[t4_4t]

You can use "dmesg" to determine if "kernel param" is working properly.
The kernel I'm using is different from "Armbian", but see below for a comparison.

# kernel param: libata.force=6.0Gbps # or "kernel param": none

Code:

[    2.853814] ata1: SATA link up 6.0 Gbps (SStatus 133 SControl 300)
[    2.880750] ata1.00: ATA-8: TOSHIBA MQ01ABD100, AX1P2A, max UDMA/100
[    2.880754] ata1.00: 1953525168 sectors, multi 16: LBA48 NCQ (depth 31/32), AA
[    2.882527] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/100
[    2.883274] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access     ATA      TOSHIBA MQ01ABD1 2A   PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
[    2.894956] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 1953525168 512-byte logical blocks: (1.00 TB/932 GiB)
[    2.894960] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 4096-byte physical blocks
[    2.895075] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[    2.895081] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
[    2.895130] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[    3.109635]  sda: sda1 sda2 < sda5 sda6 sda7 sda8 sda9 sda10 sda11 sda12 sda13 sda14 sda15 sda16 >
[    3.136205] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk

# kernel param: libata.force=3.0Gbps

Code:

[    2.365367] ata1: FORCE: PHY spd limit set to 3.0Gbps
[    2.365838] ata1: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m512@0xfa010000 port 0xfa010100 irq 243
[    2.366498] ata2: FORCE: PHY spd limit set to 3.0Gbps
[    2.366953] ata2: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m512@0xfa010000 port 0xfa010180 irq 243
...
[    2.830294] ata1: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 320)
[    2.862941] ata1.00: ATA-8: TOSHIBA MQ01ABD100, AX1P2A, max UDMA/100
[    2.862945] ata1.00: 1953525168 sectors, multi 16: LBA48 NCQ (depth 31/32), AA
[    2.864633] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/100
[    2.865399] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access     ATA      TOSHIBA MQ01ABD1 2A   PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
[    2.876828] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 1953525168 512-byte logical blocks: (1.00 TB/932 GiB)
[    2.876832] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 4096-byte physical blocks
[    2.876960] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[    2.876966] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
[    2.877022] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[    3.091710]  sda: sda1 sda2 < sda5 sda6 sda7 sda8 sda9 sda10 sda11 sda12 sda13 sda14 sda15 sda16 >
[    3.101514] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk

If your settings are working as expected and you still can't see any improvements ...
  There is also "force to PCIE-GEN1", but I don't think it's likely to improve.
If all you can think of doesn't work, unfortunately you have to give up.

In my opinion, "PINE's SATA-Card" is a card of that degree after all.

---

A similar problem occurred when I installed this "SATA-Card" on a standard "x86-Base PC".
Therefore, it is not a problem limited to Arm-based SBC.
I think the quality of this card itself is poor.

--- Addition ---
ASM1061 vs ASM1062

# lspci

Code:

00:00.0 PCI bridge: Fuzhou Rockchip Electronics Co., Ltd Device 0024
01:00.0 SATA controller: ASMedia Technology Inc. ASM1062 Serial ATA Controller (rev 01)

It's just a matter of recognition.
The above "SATA-Card" was purchased from "PINE-Store" and the Chip stamp is "ASM1061".
But, "lspci" reports "ASM1062" as mentioned above.