PCIE SATA controller ASM1062 problems or software

[Nikolay_Po]

Are the metal parts of the HDD cases connected to board ground? Somewhere was a notice that without ground connection between the HDD case and board GND there may be a lot of errors. I've ordered (23 of May) ROCKPro64 and the same ASMedia SATA adapter as yours but without of a case. Still awaiting, the delivery will be not quite fast. I will try too.

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There may be several places where an error may arise. Besides the software problem and overheating, the signal integrity may be the cause of an errors.
Try to:

1. Connect DC IN ground at DC iN socket to the metal case. And ensure the drives have a contact to the case, metal by metal. Add a wire or sand of the paint/coating from metal parts of the case to ensure good electrical contact. As a quick test you may connect RJ-45 shield to the NAS case by shortest wire possible.
   
2. Take a wire and try to additionally connect the lower screw of SATA card to the ground of ROCKPro64. You may connect this wire to metal shield of RJ-45 or USB connector. The best is to connect to ground contact of DC IN. The is a GND mark at DC IN socket ground pin. It is between the DC socket and aluminum can capacitor. The aim is to connect the controller board ground to the same ground where the HDDs are supplying.
   
3. Change  SATA wires.
   
   
   

After the heating was not confirmed I'm suspecting the signal integrity problem. I'm wondering the SBC board has insulated mounting openings. So there may be none ground contact to the metal case as it is in case of traditional PCs or laptops.
The absence of a good ground contact allows the noise to be induced between the case (the drives) and the board because there is none good direct contact between the board and the case.
The disk drives requiring more power than SSDs we saw on demo video of a good man with a big glasses. That is why supply converters on HDD supply wires may produce more noise being more loaded. And this noise voltage may become too high to be suppressed by SATA differential pair interfaces, both HDD and a controller.
The good ground contact is crucial. Even if Ohmic (Galvanic) contact is good and your Ohm-meter shows below 1 Ohm between the SBC and HDD, the wire loops and power converters may induce high frequency noise on a wires and even on PCB traces.

Good practice for digital circuits is to connect the board ground to the chassis extensively, at each mounting screw. You may see this approach in any desktop or laptop PC. Again, I'm wondering why Pine64 PCB is different.