Hi Joe, can you fix your thread title please? While I tested RAM using ssvb's tinymembench on Rock64 (4GB LPDDR3-1600), there are also some iozone results of an A1 Sandisk card in the SD-Card thread (https://forum.pine64.org/showthread.php?...8#pid28378).
Code:
==========================================================================
== Memory bandwidth tests ==
== ==
== Note 1: 1MB = 1000000 bytes ==
== Note 2: Results for 'copy' tests show how many bytes can be ==
== copied per second (adding together read and writen ==
== bytes would have provided twice higher numbers) ==
== Note 3: 2-pass copy means that we are using a small temporary buffer ==
== to first fetch data into it, and only then write it to the ==
== destination (source -> L1 cache, L1 cache -> destination) ==
== Note 4: If sample standard deviation exceeds 0.1%, it is shown in ==
== brackets ==
==========================================================================
C copy backwards : 1433.8 MB/s (0.7%)
C copy backwards (32 byte blocks) : 1462.1 MB/s
C copy backwards (64 byte blocks) : 1359.9 MB/s (0.4%)
C copy : 1371.3 MB/s (0.4%)
C copy prefetched (32 bytes step) : 1295.9 MB/s
C copy prefetched (64 bytes step) : 1461.6 MB/s (0.2%)
C 2-pass copy : 1660.7 MB/s (0.1%)
C 2-pass copy prefetched (32 bytes step) : 1223.4 MB/s
C 2-pass copy prefetched (64 bytes step) : 1178.7 MB/s (0.1%)
C fill : 5694.9 MB/s
C fill (shuffle within 16 byte blocks) : 5694.3 MB/s
C fill (shuffle within 32 byte blocks) : 5694.4 MB/s
C fill (shuffle within 64 byte blocks) : 5696.0 MB/s
---
standard memcpy : 1330.3 MB/s
standard memset : 5696.0 MB/s
---
NEON LDP/STP copy : 1532.2 MB/s
NEON LDP/STP copy pldl2strm (32 bytes step) : 1272.3 MB/s (0.5%)
NEON LDP/STP copy pldl2strm (64 bytes step) : 1476.1 MB/s
NEON LDP/STP copy pldl1keep (32 bytes step) : 1677.4 MB/s
NEON LDP/STP copy pldl1keep (64 bytes step) : 1679.9 MB/s
NEON LD1/ST1 copy : 1515.7 MB/s (0.2%)
NEON STP fill : 5696.7 MB/s
NEON STNP fill : 2277.0 MB/s
ARM LDP/STP copy : 1531.5 MB/s
ARM STP fill : 5696.4 MB/s
ARM STNP fill : 2336.4 MB/s (1.1%)
==========================================================================
== Framebuffer read tests. ==
== ==
== Many ARM devices use a part of the system memory as the framebuffer, ==
== typically mapped as uncached but with write-combining enabled. ==
== Writes to such framebuffers are quite fast, but reads are much ==
== slower and very sensitive to the alignment and the selection of ==
== CPU instructions which are used for accessing memory. ==
== ==
== Many x86 systems allocate the framebuffer in the GPU memory, ==
== accessible for the CPU via a relatively slow PCI-E bus. Moreover, ==
== PCI-E is asymmetric and handles reads a lot worse than writes. ==
== ==
== If uncached framebuffer reads are reasonably fast (at least 100 MB/s ==
== or preferably >300 MB/s), then using the shadow framebuffer layer ==
== is not necessary in Xorg DDX drivers, resulting in a nice overall ==
== performance improvement. For example, the xf86-video-fbturbo DDX ==
== uses this trick. ==
==========================================================================
NEON LDP/STP copy (from framebuffer) : 306.2 MB/s
NEON LDP/STP 2-pass copy (from framebuffer) : 288.2 MB/s
NEON LD1/ST1 copy (from framebuffer) : 80.5 MB/s
NEON LD1/ST1 2-pass copy (from framebuffer) : 79.4 MB/s
ARM LDP/STP copy (from framebuffer) : 157.8 MB/s
ARM LDP/STP 2-pass copy (from framebuffer) : 152.9 MB/s
==========================================================================
== Memory latency test ==
== ==
== Average time is measured for random memory accesses in the buffers ==
== of different sizes. The larger is the buffer, the more significant ==
== are relative contributions of TLB, L1/L2 cache misses and SDRAM ==
== accesses. For extremely large buffer sizes we are expecting to see ==
== page table walk with several requests to SDRAM for almost every ==
== memory access (though 64MiB is not nearly large enough to experience ==
== this effect to its fullest). ==
== ==
== Note 1: All the numbers are representing extra time, which needs to ==
== be added to L1 cache latency. The cycle timings for L1 cache ==
== latency can be usually found in the processor documentation. ==
== Note 2: Dual random read means that we are simultaneously performing ==
== two independent memory accesses at a time. In the case if ==
== the memory subsystem can't handle multiple outstanding ==
== requests, dual random read has the same timings as two ==
== single reads performed one after another. ==
==========================================================================
block size : single random read / dual random read
1024 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns
2048 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns
4096 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns
8192 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns
16384 : 0.0 ns / 0.0 ns
32768 : 0.1 ns / 0.1 ns
65536 : 5.3 ns / 9.0 ns
131072 : 8.1 ns / 12.7 ns
262144 : 11.3 ns / 16.4 ns
524288 : 66.5 ns / 104.9 ns
1048576 : 101.0 ns / 142.5 ns
2097152 : 119.3 ns / 157.9 ns
4194304 : 133.1 ns / 169.8 ns
8388608 : 141.1 ns / 177.0 ns
16777216 : 146.9 ns / 182.6 ns
33554432 : 150.9 ns / 186.5 ns
67108864 : 163.6 ns / 207.0 ns
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