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+---- Thread: how to use USB hard disk as /(root) (/showthread.php?tid=1520)
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how to use USB hard disk as /(root) - hatahata - 06-25-2016
hi all .
i usually use hard disk as root .
i think hard disk is more tough than sd card and the space of it is over 250GB or more .
for example banana pi M1 , root is /dev/sda1
Code:
head /boot/boot.cmd
if ext4load mmc 0 0x00000000 /boot/.verbose
then
setenv verbosity 7
else
setenv verbosity 1
fi
setenv bootargs "console=tty1 root=/dev/sda1 rootwait rootfstype=ext4 cgroup_enable=memory swapaccount=1 hdmi.audio=EDID:0 disp.screen0_output_mode=1920x1080p60 panic=10 consoleblank=0 enforcing=0 loglevel=${verbosity}"but
at pine64's debian , surely there are files in /boot but they are binaly files so i do not do anythig , i give up .
only develover knows how to , so i think .
regards
RE: how to use USB hard disk as /(root) - martinayotte - 06-26-2016
Look at the /boot/uEnv.txt. You can probably overwrite default root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 to /dev/sda1 by using "extraargs"
http://linux-sunxi.org/UEnv.txt
RE: how to use USB hard disk as /(root) - hatahata - 06-26-2016
(06-26-2016, 07:31 AM)martinayotte Wrote: Look at the /boot/uEnv.txt. You can probably overwrite default root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 to /dev/sda1 by using "extraargs"
http://linux-sunxi.org/UEnv.txt
thanks for great advice .
but i fail .
something is wrong with me .
my step is next .
1)
rewrite /boot/uEnv.txt
console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8 no_console_suspend
kernel_filename=pine64/Image
initrd_filename=initrd.img
ethaddr=36:c9:e3:f1:b8:05
optargs=disp.screen0_output_mode=720p60
extraargs=root=/dev/sda1
2)do next shell script
Code:
ntpd -s
date
echo '--------------------'
mkdir -p /ma1
umount /ma1
mount /dev/sda1 /ma1
df
echo '--------------------'
read X
echo $X
cd /ma1
mkdir -p bin etc home lib opt root sbin srv usr var
for x in /bin /etc /home /lib /opt /root /sbin /srv /usr /var
do
rsync -avHx --delete $x/ /ma1$x/
done
for x in boot dev media mnt proc run sys tmp
do
rm -rf /ma1/$x
done
cd /ma1
mkdir -p boot dev media mnt proc run sys tmp3)rewite /ma1/etc/fstab
Code:
# UNCONFIGURED FSTAB FOR BASE SYSTEM
# <file system> <dir> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
/dev/mmcblk0p1 /boot vfat defaults 0 2
#/dev/mmcblk0p2 / ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1
/dev/sda1 / ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1
#####################
#/dev/mmcblk0p3 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0in order to return SD card only system , i rewrite uEnv.txt originally.
in this state
Code:
root@pine64pro:/home/debian# mount /dev/sda1 /ma1
root@pine64pro:/home/debian# ls /ma1
bin boot dev etc home lib lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr varand /boot/uEnv.txt
console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200n8 no_console_suspend
kernel_filename=pine64/Image
initrd_filename=initrd.img
ethaddr=36:c9:e3:f1:b8:05
optargs=disp.screen0_output_mode=720p60
root=/dev/sda1
also fail .
----
regards
RE: how to use USB hard disk as /(root) - martinayotte - 06-27-2016
I gave it a try, and it was working perfectly for me by simply adding "root=/dev/sda1" in uEnv.txt.
In my case, I'm running Ubuntu with longsleep kernel 3.10.101+ built myself, but I've never added any thing for USB storage, longsleep has the proper setting already.
What is your kernel revision ?
What kind of USB storage ?
RE: how to use USB hard disk as /(root) - Luke - 06-27-2016
(06-27-2016, 11:14 AM)martinayotte Wrote: I gave it a try, and it was working perfectly for me by simply adding "root=/dev/sda1" in uEnv.txt.
In my case, I'm running Ubuntu with longsleep kernel 3.10.101+ built myself, but I've never added any thing for USB storage, longsleep has the proper setting already.
What is your kernel revision ?
What kind of USB storage ?
hows the performance ?
RE: how to use USB hard disk as /(root) - martinayotte - 06-27-2016
I didn't do any performance tests, especially because I didn't have a real USB-HDD handy, all the ones I have are used somewhere else with precious contents, so I've tested it with a small USB-Dongle, so probably not quite fast.
RE: how to use USB hard disk as /(root) - hatahata - 06-27-2016
(06-27-2016, 11:14 AM)martinayotte Wrote: I gave it a try, and it was working perfectly for me by simply adding "root=/dev/sda1" in uEnv.txt.
In my case, I'm running Ubuntu with longsleep kernel 3.10.101+ built myself, but I've never added any thing for USB storage, longsleep has the proper setting already.
What is your kernel revision ?
What kind of USB storage ?
i am running pine64-image-debianxfce-310101bsp.img .
and
uname -ar
Linux pine64pro 3.10.101-0-pine64-longsleep #39 SMP PREEMPT Sat May 7 12:39:25 $
and
usb strage is
pine64+:USB-------USB_sata_converter-----sata hardsisk
i chose debian because using ubuntu . the firefox do not run well for me .
---
regards
RE: how to use USB hard disk as /(root) - martinayotte - 06-27-2016
I have no clues, it should work since it worked for me.
Revise your procedures, and hook up an USB-TTL on Debug port to figure out any other errors, like I did : on first boot, I forgot to create an empty /proc folder on /dev/sda1.
RE: how to use USB hard disk as /(root) - hatahata - 06-27-2016
i did experiment but this is not root as hard disk drive .
1) sd card only boot
insert USB memory( this is recognaized as sda )
mkdir /SAVE
and
fdisk -l /dev/sda
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sda1 10487808 15730687 5242880 2.5G 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2048 4196351 4194304 2G 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3 4196352 10487807 6291456 3G 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 4198400 4231167 32768 16M 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 4233216 4265983 32768 16M 83 Linux
/dev/sda7 4268032 5316607 1048576 512M 83 Linux
/dev/sda8 5318656 5351423 32768 16M 83 Linux
/dev/sda9 5353472 9547775 4194304 2G 83 Linux
and rewite /etc/fstab
/dev/mmcblk0p1 /boot vfat defaults 0 2
/dev/mmcblk0p2 / ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1
/dev/sda1 /SAVE ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1
/dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/sda5 /dev ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1
/dev/sda6 /proc ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1
/dev/sda7 /run ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1
/dev/sda8 /sys ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1
/dev/sda9 /tmp ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1
2) then reboot ( attaching USB memory)
df
ファイルシス 1K-ブロック 使用 使用可 使用% マウント位置
/dev/mmcblk0p2 14326776 3490516 10097960 26% /
devtmpfs 468608 0 468608 0% /dev
tmpfs 502140 68 502072 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs 502140 7112 495028 2% /run
tmpfs 5120 4 5116 1% /run/lock
tmpfs 502140 0 502140 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mmcblk0p1 51082 24242 26840 48% /boot
/dev/sda9 1998672 3112 1874320 1% /tmp
/dev/sda1 2514736 3840 2363440 1% /SAVE
tmpfs 100432 4 100428 1% /run/user/117
tmpfs 100432 8 100424 1% /run/user/1000
free
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 1004284 376828 627456 8596 12056 160076
-/+ buffers/cache: 204696 799588
Swap: 2097148 0 2097148
the result tells me
a) swap is OK
b)/SAVE and /tmp only OK .
any way this reduce sd card's burden and sd card has longer life time .
( mkdir /SAVE/d1 ; ln -s /SAVE/d1 /var/www/d1 <-apache2)
---
regards
RE: how to use USB hard disk as /(root) - martinayotte - 06-28-2016
Why are you creating so many partitions ?
You should have ONLY a single one with everything inside it, especially true for the /dev, /proc, /run, /srv, /sys and /tmp which must be empty folders inside the rootfs /dev/sda1.
I presume that if you were looking at serial debug port, you would have seen that it stopped and failed trying to mount /proc because it doesn't exist inside your /dev/sda1.